Another experiment would be necessary to determine this for certain. will start at 2m and then move down in intervals of 10cm to 10cm. The Effect of Dropping a Bouncy Ball from Different Heights on The last term can be the lowest height of the ball before it comes to an end as seen below. At first, try to choose variables that you think act independently of each other. Read books, magazines or ask professionals who might know in order to find out the factors that affect the movements of a dropped ball. 3. of the users don't pass the Bouncing Ball Example quiz! If the mass of the ball is heavier the weight is heavier (weight = mg) and downward force acting upon the ball is greater as well. Method: To set up the Based on your gathered information, make an educated guess about what types of things affect the system you are working with. Record the results in a table like this: Divide the bounce height of each row by the release height of the same row and write the result in the last column. Also its Gravitational Potential energy is decreasing because its height is decreasing. Also the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 1ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 2ms, is far smaller than the difference between the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 20ms, and the force of air resistance acting upon a ball travelling at 21ms, , the faster the velocity that the ball reaches. The experiment was conducted as the method (below) states. D) If I freeze a tennis ball, then it will not bounce as high. In this experiment you will test the bounce of a dropped ball for different surface hardness. Bouncing Ball Experiment - GCSE Science - Marked by Stop procrastinating with our smart planner features. Data Table 2: Average Bounce Height at Each Height: Graph 1: Height of Ball drop versus Height of ball bounce: Our data indicates that the hypothesis was incorrect. Use the pencil and ruler to connect the incoming and outgoing trajectories of the marble to the point where the marble bounced off the wood. If the ball is elastic in nature, the ball will quickly return to its original form and spring up from the floor. Five repeats were done as it was deemed that an average of the middle three was reasonably accurate. 7. The answer lies in how far the ball has dented inward due to its collision with the floor. For a falling object the Coefficient to restitution (C, ) is equal to the velocity squared as the object is travelling at as it leaves the floor (v, ) divided by the velocity squared as it hits the floor (v, If a ball is dropped in a vacuum. Identify your study strength and weaknesses. This will help with your understanding of the investigation and lead you to make a possible hypothesis. As the ball is falling toward the ground its Kinetic Energy is increasing because its speed is increasing. The difference between the predicted height and the actual height will provide evidence as to how air resistance affects the flight of the ball. A bouncing ball follows a projectile motion which is moving near the surface of the earth in a curved path due to the effect of gravity. The ball rebounds to 38 percent of its previous height and continues to fall. The results of our experiment show that this probably is not the case. Problem: Hypothesis: Experiment: By the time it reaches the floor, the ball is traveling quickly and it hits the floor hard. Aim The aim of this experiment is to investigate the efficiency of a bouncing ball, and the factors which affect its efficiency. A ball falls from a height of 6 metres. \(E_{pot} = E_{kin} \cdot m \cdot g \cdot h = \frac{1}{2} \cdot m \cdot v^2\). This therefore provides accurate and reliable results. Do you think e is constant for your ball? If you change more than one at a time, you will not know what variable is causing your observation. It pushes downward on the floor and the floor pushes upward on it. I plan to collect at least ten results as this will make the conclusion and graph I am able to draw from the experiment more accurate than if I had less results than ten. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. 1. The bouncing ball example is an example used to study, A bouncing ball in an ideal scenario will continue this oscillatory motion. This is because the experiment is a very short and simple one to carry out and if conducted efficiently can be completed easily within the time span allowed for collecting evidence. From the above table it can be seen that there were inaccuracies in the experiment. Hold the ball at 6 feet height and release it on a hard concrete surface. For each height repeat the test 3 to 5 times and record the most reliable result. You will need an assistant, so one person will drop the ball and the other person stands about 20 feet away and records how high it bounces. Specifically, you are tasked to determine: B.) List three. As the ball has less KE and is travelling slower it becomes stationary faster at the top of its arc. If you determine that experimental errors are influencing your results, carefully rethink the design of your experiments. Measuring the height to which the ball bounced on subsequent bounces would be interesting, seeing if h. Changes in the area of linoleum floor tile that the ball collided with may have affected the height to which it bounced to thus producing variation between results. The only difference is that no experimental variables are changed. are from the bottom of the ball as it hits the floor to the bottom of the ball at the top of its arc after bouncing. Hence the formula for the sum of the infinite number of terms can be rewritten as seen here. If you choose to study on any other variable, following are samples of hypothesis. Following are some sample information that you may find: Everyone has played with balls that bounce, but few people truly understand the physics behind a bouncing ball. Therefore any change to the height from which the ball starts with affects the height to which it bounces to. Create the most beautiful study materials using our templates. We felt the magic immediately.". Constants are the release height, the bouncing surface, the type and the size of the ball. These inaccuracies could have been caused by external factors or parallax error even though efforts were made to avoid parallax error occurring - by dropping the ball one time that was not measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. Lerne mit deinen Freunden und bleibe auf dem richtigen Kurs mit deinen persnlichen Lernstatistiken. The Particular experiment is about : How does the drop height of a ball affects the bounce height of the ball. Independent: - Type of surface the tennis ball is dropped on. changing air density, temperature. It will be important to keep track of what times go between what bounces. When the ball collides with the floor, the ball becomes deformed. Adapted from Plangenhoef, Patterns of Human Motion. Working out the variation in results shows how accurate the experiment was. If the elastic potential energy is the same then the same amount of energy is converted back into KE and so the balls leave the floor at the same speed. The three trials at each height are then averaged, and the average bounce height is graphed versus the drop height. In the bouncing ball example, external forces such as air resistance are assumed to be zero. What factors affect the bounce of a dropped ball? So if we double the air pressure, we will get double bounce height. With no net force, the acceleration = 0 and the ball falls at a constant velocity. Questions lead to more questions, which lead to additional hypothesis that need to be tested. Belowis the graph of h1against h2. More thermal energy is also produced. After the ball reaches terminal velocity, no more GPE is converted into KE is the ball cannot get any faster. The first graph is a displacement vs time graph. You may now be able to understand or verify things that you discovered when gathering information for the project. For testing air pressure you will need one ball that is inflatable such as a basketball ball. = The distance between the bottom of the ball before it is dropped and the ground. For instance result 3 from 200cm was an anomaly but was not taken into account when taking the average of the middle three. A ball falls from a height of 3 metres. Everything you need for your studies in one place. In this experiment the only variable that we modify is the release height and we keep all other variables unchanged. Thus a typical ball bounces to 60% of its original height because it stores and returns 60% of the energy it had before the bounce. The formula for gravitational potential energy is PE = mgh where m is the mass of the ball measured in kg, g is the gravitational acceleration constant of 9.8 m/se c2 , and h is the height of the ball in m. As the ball falls through the air, the potential energy changes to kinetic energy. An alternative method would be the measuring person holding a video camera level with the approximate height that the ball reaches after bouncing and videoing the ball reach the top of its arc. So, we equate the potential energy and the kinetic energy. Changes in air pressure could have affected results as could changes in temperature however changes in these two factors would have been small; air pressure would not have changed enough to affect the results in the hour period in which the experiment was conducted, and although the rooms temperature may have increased by a degree or two, due to body heat, over the course of the period temperature was not a major factor that affected the height to which the ball bounced and would not have significantly affected the results. Control Variables: Definition, Uses & Examples - Statistics By Jim Constants: the same person takes all of the measurements, the same materials are used in every trial. This means that KE is the same for both balls when each ball hits the ground. The ball has reached its terminal velocity and cannot fall any faster (unless dropped in a vacuum). What purpose does a control serve? Design an experiment to test each hypothesis. This can be in the form of a table of processed numerical data, or graphs. The most valuable resources for teachers and students. Hypothesis: Based on your gathered information, make an educated In this experiment the only variable that we modify is the type or flexibility of bounce surface and we keep all other variables unchanged. Once the ball hits the ground, its displacement is momentarily zero. Prediction reasons for variable control: The height the ball is dropped from will affect the height the ball bounces to due to the energy chain the ball goes through as it is dropped and bounces up again. Bouncing Ball Experiment Our simple experiment is to drop a ping pong ball weighed at 3 grams from a height of 1 metre then 90cm, 80cm, 70cm, Use the same point on the ball (top) or (bottom) when judging both the height Its high order and functions achieved with differential and integral operations can't fit any circle, because circles must cover constant speed in simple harmonic motion. Charged Particle in Uniform Electric Field, Electric Field Between Two Parallel Plates, Magnetic Field of a Current-Carrying Wire, Mechanical Energy in Simple Harmonic Motion, Galileo's Leaning Tower of Pisa Experiment, Electromagnetic Radiation and Quantum Phenomena, Centripetal Acceleration and Centripetal Force, Total Internal Reflection in Optical Fibre. The material ball is made from will affect the ball as if it is smooth then the drag will be significantly less than if it is rough. Our lab group was able to determine the relationship between drop height and bounce height. Bounce/Release is the relation of bounce height to the release height. Above this point the height all balls will bounce to will not be directly proportional to the height they are dropped from, but the increase in the height they bounce to will increase more slowly in proportion to the height they are dropped from compared to the increase between lower heights before the ball shows signs of approaching its terminal velocity before it hits the ground. Instead, as the ball is still always loosing GPE so long as it is still falling, all GPE is converted into thermal energy. As it did so the downward force was partially balanced out by the upwards force of drag, increasingly so the closer the ball got to its terminal velocity. For an infinite number of turns, another geometric sequence formula can be used. What Effects the Bounce of a Dropped Ball Advanced levels of experimental science rely heavily on graphical and mathematical analysis of data. As velocity increases air resistance increases in proportion to the square of the velocity. The more KE that the ball possessed as it hit the floor, the more that was transferred into elastic potential energy and back into KE. A totally accurate experiment would have a variation between results equal to zero however an experiment that is totally accurate needs to be conducted under conditions where air pressure and temperature remained constant, error produced by the ball falling on different parts of the linoleum floor tile (which was not totally even and thus produces inaccurate results) and human error removed by dropping the ball onto a uniform surface and using machinery to record the height to which the ball bounced to. Also it will affect its bouncing properties. Measure the height the ball reaches after the first bounce and record. Height will be the variable that we will vary. the initial height of your ball when you released it. A single experiment may contain many control variables. A geometric sequence is a progression where each term is related to the previous term, and it is related to the previous term by a number r, which is known as the common ratio of the sequence. Please note that many online stores for science supplies are managed by MiniScience. " The same square of tiling will be used throughout the experiment so that inconsistencies between different floor tiles do not affect results. The first stage is where the ball bounces from the surface of the ground. Also the facts that there were no anomalies and that all of the points were very close to the line of best fit show that the experiment was relatively accurate. (The upward direction was assumed to be positive in this example. This project guide contains information that you need in order to start your project. Something about its situation then must determine its rebound, but what? Each of the following experiments tests a different hypothesis. It shows that heights were recorded that exceeded the height that the ball would have reached had it been dropped in a vacuum. Many questions are related. Earn points, unlock badges and level up while studying. Grammar mistakes. Use a uniform surface to drop the ball onto. If the coefficient to restitution = 0.7, a ball dropping from h1in a vacuum would reach the height of 0.7 h1 after bouncing. This means that if a heavier ball is to be used then it will need to be dropped from higher to reach its terminal velocity. By registering you get free access to our website and app (available on desktop AND mobile) which will help you to super-charge your learning process. The CoR can be measured directly by velocity measurements but often it is handier to measure the height of rise of the ball after it bounces relative to the height that it fell. To a wider range of results i.e. Method:The apparatus will be set up as shown: H is the height of the ball before it is dropped. This will be a table tennis ball. WebBouncing Ball Experiment - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Make a step-by-step list of what you will do to answer each question. This is because it is easiest as the figure read of the meter rule is the result. There are three types of variables: Controlled Variables: You can have as many controlled variables as you like. This was when the ball was falling in air. What is the control variable in the bouncing ball experiment The force that is received by the ball from the ground from the collision causes it to rebound, which converts the potential energy to kinetic energy. This means that the faster that the ball travels the larger the force of air resistance upon it. Therefore the energy that the ball hits the floor with = mh, The proportion of energy lost when ball hits the floor = The Coefficient to the restitution of the two objects (C, All of the energy that the ball leaves the floor with is converted back into GPE, If dropping a ball in a vacuum all you need to know in order to know how high the ball will bounce to is h, can be found out by looking at a graph, the gradient, as a percentage of 1 gives the amount of energy conserved and therefore C. The clamp stand will be clamped down to the desk using a g-clamp to prevent it falling over and causing possible injuries. What principle describes the bouncing motion of a ball? Parallax error will be avoided by dropping the ball one time that will not be measured and placing a blob of blue tack onto the meter rule at the approximate height it bounced to. From this it can be seen that using the average of the middle three results is more accurate than using the average of all five, as it automatically discounts most anomalies. This means for the ball to reach terminal velocity the drag force has to be bigger and for the drag force to be bigger the ball has to fall faster (so that more air particles hit the ball every second). It bounces off, changing the direction of motion and again reaching its maximum height. Additional list of material can be extracted from the experiment section. This denting extracts energy from the balls motion and stores much of it in the elastic surfaces of the floor and ball. Create flashcards in notes completely automatically. Often, mathematical equations can be made from graphs.