Biblical Translation - Does the Revised Version of Westcott Hort Change By the same token, most have rid themselves of the ancient King James Version and upgraded for a newer model, such as the NIV, or NASB, etc. http://www.kjvonly.org/doug/index_doug.html, A superb debate between two Bible teachers one defending the KJV chaired by Doug Harris, founder of Reachout, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hwe_nxeVwE0. Adds a new translation of the LXX to an existing translation of the NKJV in a single volume. They started the Ghostly Guild in 1851 and before that the Hermes Club in 1845. Now, over 100 years later, the KJV and its Textus Receptus stand nearly alone against the http://www.bible-researcher.com/kutilek1.html. Borderland. (9) You say scribes/copyists do not make changes to the text intentionally and unintentionally, so how do you explain the copyists who write in the margins that a previous copyist made changes? However, there is a problem, there was no Byzantine text for the first four centuries, and the Byzantine text did not become the majority of the manuscripts until the 9th century. Nevertheless, it was Westcott himself who wrote, Many years ago, I had occasion to investigate spiritualistic phenomena with some care, and I came to a clear conclusion, which I feel bound to express in answer to your circular. I no. (weak textual evidence). Horts success in this task and the cogency of his tightly reasoned theory shapedAND STILL SHAPESthe thinking of those who approach the textual criticism of the NT through the English language (emphasis added) (Ernest Cadman Colwell, Scribal Habits in Early Papyri: A Study in the Corruption of the Text, The Bible in Modern Scholarship, ed. For the reader of the NIV this note in brackets must at least cause doubt to enter ones mind as to the authenticity of these verses. Shows (by color coding and word notes) grammatical details within the Greek language. Psalm 23:1) chopped off the front.. Westcott did not have faith in Spiritualism, he had want of [(lack of)] faith in Spiritualism. Westcott and Hort's Greek New Testament is the "source text" for many of today's modern Bible translations. #1. Naturally so because they were Greek textual scholars. The reading is to be preferred that makes the best sense, that is, that best conforms to the grammar and is most congruous with the purport of the rest of the sentence and of the larger context. They emphasized, Knowledge of documents should precede final judgment upon readings and all trustworthy restoration of corrupted texts is founded on the study of their history. They followed Griesbach in dividing manuscripts into families, stressing the significance of manuscript genealogy. They make themselves the judge. Westcott-Hort New Testament Greek-English Interlinear with Strong's numbers. He has travelled there 22 times. They have dedicated themselves to learn Hebrew, Greek and Aramaic, they have studied for decades the available manuscripts and have produced these translations as the fruit of their learning, humbly submitting themselves to Christ as they do it. During the eighteenth-century scholars assembled a great amount of information from many Greek manuscripts, as well as from versional and patristic witnesses. So, where is the miraculous preservation of Scripture? [4], According to Hort, "Knowledge of Documents should precede Final Judgments upon Readings". In trying to rebut false claims, you made one yourself. Wescott And Hort The Overthrow of the Greek Text The word MANUSCRIPTS is used to describe these copies or parchments which still exist. CAN WE TRUST THE WESTCOTT AND HORT 1881 GREEK TEXT?: Were Westcott and A textual critic sets himself up as judge over Gods Word, when no man has such a right. You are teaching doctrines of devils. Much has happened since then, including the discovery of 5000+ Greek manuscripts of the New Testament and, of course, the Dead Sea Scrolls! All we ask is that you give proper credit. A. Hort, upon whose text the United Bible Society is based, which is the foundation for all modern-day translations of the Bible. They started the "Ghostly Guild" in 1851 and before that the "Hermes Club" in 1845. Have you ever read Pickerings book? As early as 1853 they began work on their Greek text of the New Testament: this project was . It is generally believed that these were from the 50 that Eusebius prepared for Constantine. Much has been written about them, but also their own recorded words shed light on their beliefs. No Christian truth is affected by any of the variations of translation due to textual differences. How Reliable Are the Early Texts of the New Testament? We trust that your Christian honesty will preserve the integrity of this policy. Who Wrote the Bible Book ________? (The shorter the interval between the time of the autograph and the end of the period of transmission in question, the stronger the presumption that earlier date implies greater purity of text.) (2.59; cf. You will note it is not included in almost all modern translations. To start with a doctrine and then correct or prefer a Bible translation because of it is, frankly, the wrong way around!! Have you read my 644 page book: FROM SPOKEN WORDS TO SACRED TEXTS: Introduction-Intermediate New Testament Textual Studies, Please Help Us Keep These Thousands of Blog Posts Free for All. For less than $5/mo. As the Christian message was . An extensive comparison of the TR against the WH text, the Nestles Text, the UBS text, and key English versions was done by the late Everett Fowler and can be found in his book Evaluating Versions of the New Testament, available from Bible for Today. A study Bible with a modern English translation of the Scriptures from their original languages. The KJV is a translation like all others. Jun 29, 2006. Thirdly, nothing in the quote (or surrounding material) even hints at public alarm, let alone considerable or even Westcotts son admitting such. These men were hereticks. It is the text type favored by the majority of modern textual critics and it is the basis for most modern (after 1900) Bible translations. However, Westcott and Hort's work was not perfect. Westcott I reject the word infallibility of Holy Scriptures overwhelmingly. Riplinger, pg 622, Hort Evangelicals seem to me perverted. The text today is not the WH text; things have moved on. These differences are minor. The text produced by Westcott and Hort is still to this day, even with so many more manuscript discoveries, a very close reproduction of the primitive text of the New Testament. And what do we know about these men who made themselves the judges over Gods holy Word? Riplinger, pg 625. So in modern, more reliable, translations we lose 1 John 5:7 ..these three are one ( not in any Greek NT manuscript before 1500) and 1 Tim 3:16 God manifest in the flesh. [7] Most critical editions published after Westcott and Hort share their preference of the Alexandrian text-type and therefore are similar to The New Testament in the Original Greek. First, many of the papyrus Alexandrian manuscripts are in terrible shape, some being 200 years older than codicesVaticanus and Sinaiticus, which would mean that they must have been read very often by true believers. The 1881 British Revised Version (RV), also known as the English Revised Version (ERV) of the King James Version, and the 1881 New Testament Greek text of Westcott and Hort did not sit well with the King-James-Version-Only[3] advocate John William Burgon (18131888), E. H. A. Scrivener (18131891), and Edward Miller (18251901), the latter authoring A Guide to the Textual Criticismof the New Testament (1886). There are quite a number of conservative Bible scholars who might disagree with the Greek text of Westcott and Hort and there favoring the Alexandrian family of Greek texts. Notify me of follow-up comments by email. This article may not be written by an Apostolic author, but it contains many excellent principles and concepts that can be adapted to most churches. In the absence of more detailed publication information, if you need to cite it in a paper or published work, we recommend citing the website where you found it (such as BibleGateway.com); we have no additional copyright or historical data about this Bible. Likewise we dare never put confidence in man. . () In many instances where I would disagree with the wording in the Nestle / UBS text in favor of a particular variant reading, I would later check with the Westcott and Hort text and realize that they had often come to the same decision. They were known to be the chief architects of the critical theory which resulted in the revised Greek Testament which has replaced the Textus Receptus (TR) or Received Text. Released into the public domain by Rainbow Missions, Inc. (nonprofit corporation). Almost all the websites, articles, films, videos and messages I have come across regarding the KJV, pay no attention at all to this viewpoint as they. 50+ premium resources (>$2,400 value!). This criticism aside, the Westcott and Hort text is extremely reliable. (10) Speaking of the Textus Receptus, which of the four editions by Desiderius Erasmus do you prefer (1519, 1522, 1527, 1535), or the four editions of Robert Estienne (Stephanus) (1503 1559), or the nine editions by Thodore Beza (1519 1605)? To ignore these developments is to switch off our brains; now, we dont want to do that do we? (2.22-23), The reading is less likely to be original that combines the appearance of an improvement in the sense with the absence of its reality; the scribal alteration will have an apparent excellence, while the original will have the highest real excellence. [5] In this they followed one of the primary principles of their fledgling textual criticism, lectio brevior, sometimes taken to an extreme, as in the theory of Western non-interpolations, which has since been rejected. For those books, C. D. Ginsburgs Hebrew text was used. However we gain John 1:18 God the only Son; Titus 2:13 and 2 Pet 1:1 God and Saviour ( neither in KJV) and very nature God in Php 2:6. The fact is that the Westcott-Hort text represents the first widely-accepted departure from the Received Text in the post-Reformation era, and the modern English versions descend directly from the W-H text. The King James men used the Majority text (5000+) and simply translated it as is. If you have a King James Bible you see it is about the resurrected Christ,.quite an important part of Scripture. Princeton University Press' book, The Christian Socialist Revival (1968, Peter d'A Jones) says B.F. Westcott was "a mystic" (p. 179). MODERN TEXTUAL CRITICISM IS PSYCHOLOGICALLY ADDICTED TO WESTCOTT AND HORT. [7] Westcott, B.F. (July 1893). Textual Criticism. To deny their influence is similar to denying the influence of Darwin on contemporary evolutionary thought. Are the Modern Versions Based on Westcott-Hort? Enter your email address to subscribe to this blog and receive notifications of new posts by email. Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) are mentioned regularly in relation to the Greek text of the NT. An examination of the 16th century critical text the textus receptus v the Westcott and Hort 19th century Critical text. Westcott and Hort were spiritualists. There are various groupings of texts. This Bible version is now Public Domain worldwide due to copyright expiration except in the United Kingdom due to crown letters patent until 2039. Other items we sell to help fund our expensive literature and foreign church planting ministries. It pays his bills and buys his books!! the New Testament - are based upon the Greek text of Westcott and Hort. To understand Westcott and Hort, you must first understand textual criticism. Codex Vaticanus (according to the introduction in the reprint edition by S. F. Pells) of the Septuagint (but excluding the Apocrypha) and of the New Testament, Masoretic Text (Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, 1983), Nestle-Aland Greek text, Masoretic Text, the 27th Nestle-AlandNovum Testamentum Graece. (1) If Gods Word is only found in the 1611 KJV, where was Gods Word from 100 A.D. 1610 A.D.? This Bible is in the public domain in the United States. That means that you may freely copy it in any form, including electronic and print formats. The baseline is not the KJV, it wasnt even the first (by a long way) of the English translations of the Bible. Until recently the two chief witnesses to the Alexandrian text were codex Vaticanus (B) and codex Sinaiticus (), parchment manuscripts dating from about the middle of the fourth century. INDIANA BIBLE COLLEGE | INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, Modern Bible Versions, and Westcott and Hort Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) produced a Greek New Testament in 1881 based on the findings of Tischendorf. Do we listen to the 5000+ witnesses, or do we listen to the 5? Brooke Foss Westcott(18251901) andFenton John Anthony Hort(18281892) were nineteenth-century theologians and Bible and textual scholars. Comparable to the English Standard Versionand the New American Standard Bible. The Western text-type is much older, but tends to paraphrase, so according to the critical text view also lacks dependability. The New Testament in the Original Greek is a Greek-language version of the New Testament published in 1881. Therefore it is unwise for the sincere Christian to readily accept modern Bible translations assuming them to be accurate and faithful to the Word of God. To start with a doctrine and then correct or prefer a Bible translation because of it is, frankly, the wrong way around!! (2) How many textual errors (differences) are in the Byzantine manuscripts used to make the Textus Receptus, which is behind the KJV? An update to the 1966 Jerusalem Bible which uses more extensive gender neutral language, New Jewish Publication Society of America Version. Textual criticism is flawed because mans judgment is by nature flawed with bias. E. J. Goodspeed has shown that Westcott and Hort departed from Vaticanus seven hundred times in the Gospels alone. You have entered an incorrect email address! The one who writes the earliest manuscripts.. is the man we call a textual critic. So in modern, more reliable, translations we lose 1 John 5:7, ( not in any Greek NT manuscript before 1500) and 1 Tim 3:16, . Masoretic Text,Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament. They have dedicated themselves to learn Hebrew, Greek and Aramaic, they have studied for decades the available manuscripts and have produced these translations as the fruit of their learning. The archaic language detracts from its use and understandability. The Revised Version of the KJV, published in 1881, reflects this increased knowledge. If we investigated the translators of the KJV we may be surprised at what we would find. "[11] Masoretic, DSS, Majority Text, Aramaic Peshitta. 4. [6] Riplinger, G. A. If you have any questions, please review our Privacy Policy or email us at privacy@biblegateway.com. Fourth, both were written on extremely expensive and durable calfskin. The text produced by Westcott and Hort is still to this day, even with so many more manuscript discoveries, a very close reproduction of the primitive text of the New Testament. For example, the witness Codex Vatican B (one of the five), a Greek manuscript of the New No mere mortal dare add to, or subtract from Gods Word (the last chapter in Revelation teaches this). . By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids, MI 49546 USA, including commercial communications and messages from partners of Bible Gateway. What Does the Bible Really Teach About ________? That is, it is generally shorter than the text of other forms, and it does not exhibit the degree of grammatical and stylistic polishing that is characteristic of the Byzantine type of text. OT:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. This Majority Text was made from more than five thousand (5000+) manuscripts. At this point we have entered the realm of textual criticism. At the age of 23, in late 1851, Hort . - DNA in the Bible, Secret to Church Growth by Tim Massengale, Church Growth Must be Intentional by Tim Massengale, Faith Goal Setting Only Works When You Do It By Tim Massengale, Home Bible Study Success By Tim Massengale, Relationship Evangelism by Tim Massengale, Key Elements of Church Growth by Tim Massengale. This knowledge also informs us that the New Testament was not written generally in posh language more a sort of popular tabloid type language. They do not even agree with each other. The New International Version (NIV) first published in 1978. claims to be based on the Nestle-Aland Greek Text, which is similar to. Brooke Foss Westcott (1825-1901) and Fenton John Anthony Hort (1828-1892) have been highly controversial figures in biblical history. #3. But HORT DID NOT FAIL TO REACH HIS MAJOR GOAL. What lies each of you believe in. You are also welcome to use excerpts from the articles in your writings, in sermons, in church bulletins, etc. They might argue, My Bible says the earliest manuscripts do not have this verse! But does this reader know of the thousands of other manuscripts which do contain this verse? According to Bruce M. Metzger, "the general validity of their critical principles and procedures is widely acknowledged by scholars today. () In many instances where I would disagree with the wording in the Nestle / UBS text in favor of a particular variant reading, I would later check with the Westcott and Hort text and realize that they had often come to the same decision. To prefer the TR (Textus Receptus) against modern critical Greek texts. Andrews is the Chief Translator of the Updated American Standard Version (UASV). against unnecessary and incorrect attacks. The final conclusion here is simple, Westcott and Hort had some missteps spiritually as young men, they were not perfect as to their beliefs as young men, and they are under attack because they were the producers of the text that undermined the Textus Receptus that had been worshipped for centuries. (18281892) are mentioned regularly in relation to the Greek text of the NT. Naturally so because they were Greek textual scholars. Masoretic Text, Nestle-Aland/United Bible Society Greek New Testament, New International Version (simplified syntax, but loss of conjunctions obscures meanings), New International Version Inclusive Language Edition. In 1844 part of another old manuscript (Codex Sinaiticus) was found in a wastebasket in St. Catheriness monastery (the other part was found in 1859). The King James Bible translation is based on the Greek text found in the Textus Receptus. Assuredly his verdict will be against the six literal days of creation. CAN WE TRUST THE WESTCOTT AND HORT 1881 GREEK TEXT? 1. They are not aware nor concerned that almost all the modern Bible versions of our day are built upon the Greek Text of Westcott and Hort, commonly called the Westcott-Hort text. or condemn the translators as the spawn of Satan or Lucifers dupes as I have read on occasion. If Westcott and Hort were the only textual scholars to endorse, defend, recommend, validate their critical text, we might be more critical of them and theyre younger days; however, their work has been reviewed or about 140 years now and literally hundreds upon hundreds of textual and translation scholars have adopted their scholarship, their work, and their product as the foundation for their translation: NIV, TEV, NASB, CEV, NLT, ESV, CSB, UASV, HCSB, and on and on. A fresh translation/paraphrase into contemporary language and idiom by Eugene Peterson. He picks and chooses what belongs in the Bible and what doesnt, based upon his education, beliefs, and ideals. They passed by the Traditional Text (Textus Receptus) which was the text upon which the King James Version is based. He has authored 220+ books. They sought out contact with the spiritual world (talking with the dead, etc.). Westcott and Hort's The New Testament in the Original Greek a critical Greek text based primarily on Codex Vaticanus and Codex Sinaiticus. What I write here is not an attack on the KJV it is an attempt to show how God continues to give us more knowledge and information which we must value and appreciate. Westcott and Hort were the original textual critics of their day. Not one of these manuscripts is exactly the same in Greek content. Burgon, Miller, and Scrivener in their second argument maintained that the Byzantine text was used by the church for far more centuries, which proved its integrity, as God would never allow the church to use a corrupt text. The TR was the critical text of its day, there is no reason to think that God froze in time the text of that period. However, they were not thoughtlessly bound to the Vaticanus manuscript as some scholars have claimed, for by assessing all the elements they frequently concluded that certain minor interpolations had crept into the neutral text that was not found in the group more given to interpolations and paraphrasing, i.e. This Bible version is now Public Domain due to copyright expiration. The same principles apply to groups of manuscripts (2.260-61). Christian Publishing House Blog, Byzantine Text-Type of Greek New Testament Manuscripts Christian Publishing House Blog, Is the King James Version (KJV) the ONLY True Bible Translation? On one side, their supporters have heralded them as great men of God, having greatly advanced the search for the original Greek text. He has been working in the apologetic area since his teens. We can trust these, understand and appreciate the differences, but we would be foolish to ignore them or condemn the translators as the spawn of Satan or Lucifers dupes as I have read on occasion. Westcott and Hort - King James Bible 1611 [The personal letters of Hort and Westcott sound like the letters of men of the Jesuit order (that is, if you know the Roman Catholic Jesuits. Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia for the Hebrew Bible,Dead Sea Scrolls consulted and referenced,Septuagint also consulted and compared for the OT and Deuterocanonicals,the Latin Vulgate for some parts of the Deuterocanonicals, and theUnited Bible Societies 3rd edition (UBS3) cross referenced to the 26th edition of the Greek New Testament (NA26)for the New Testament. Many modern versions like the New International Version (450 million copies worldwide), English Standard Version, Holman Christian Standard Bible, New Living Translation, New Century Version, Amplified Bible, New English Translation and New American Standard Bible have been produced by the finest Bible believing scholars in the world. They are based on an eclectic text which sometimes favors the TR over Aleph or B.This is true as far as it goes, but it ignores the heart of the issue. To prefer the KJV because the Trinity (or any other doctrine) can be proved more easily from it. Thus THE TEXT, BUILT UP ON THE WORK OF THE 19TH CENTURY, HAS REMAINED AS A WHOLE UNCHANGED, particularly since the research of recent years has not yet led to the establishment of a generally acknowledged N.T. We know the verdict and outcome before the trial is over. The above article, Modern Bible Versions, and Westcott and Hort was written by Tim Pederson. [5] Bruce Manning Metzger, United Bible Societies, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament, Second Edition a Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies Greek New Testament (4th Rev. 1. p. 11. cited in May, James. Even a brief comparison of passages between the NIV and KJV will yield useful information. God has been gracious to us in that when there were voices contesting the authenticity of the OT record the dead sea scrolls were discovered. Archaeologists Discover 2,000-year-old Gemstone With balm Of Gilead Engraved On It, Masoretic Text, Westcott and Hort 1881 and Tregelles 1857. GW edition: NT:Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament27th edition. New Age Bible Versions. 2.5-6, 31), Readings are approved or rejected by reason of the quality, and not the number, of their supporting witnesses. So our modern Bibles today have been translated by men who make themselves judges. - "About" David Cloud (weak textual evidence). Reproduced by permission. And the 1611 KJV translators said in the 1611 PREFACE that a new revision should be made upon such circumstances. Westcott and Hort relied heavily on what they called the neutral family of texts, which involved the renowned fourth-century vellum Vaticanus and Sinaiticus manuscripts. The Bible teaches No Scripture is of private interpretation. Masoretic Text, various critical editions of the Greek text (i.a. Much of our material is available for free, such as the hundreds of articles at the Way of Life web site. For those books, C. D. Ginsburgs Hebrew text was used. Revised Version: RV: Modern English: 1885: Revision of the King James Version, but with a critical New Testament text: Westcott and Hort 1881 and Tregelles 1857 HebrewMasoretic Text, Hebrew and Aramaic New Testament sources. Brooke Westcott and Fenton Hort were 19th-century theologians and Bible scholars. It goes without saying that no Bible-believing Christian who is willing to extend the implications of his faith to textual matters can have the slightest grounds for confidence in contemporary critical texts (emphasis added) (Zane C. Hodges, Rationalism and Contemporary New Testament Textual Criticism, Bibliotheca Sacra, January 1971, p. 35).Zane Hodges is not a fundamental Baptist, but I believe he is more honest about the influence of Westcott and Hort upon modern textual scholarship than James White. This is to say nothing of the hundreds of church fathers who quoted their Scriptures in sermons, writings, etc., which also testify to the standard of the Majority text. The majority of KJV only people believe that the Wescott and Hort exts are erroneous because they read a pamphlet from the pamphlet rack at church that said that it was. Westcott & Hort's The New Testament in the Original Greek 2009 Literal Translation of the Original Greek New Testament Greek-English Interlinear with Strong's Concordance Numbering System Color-Coded, Exhaustive Lexical Number Map with Grammatical Notes Dr. Strong's Original Greek Dictionary & Abridged Thayer's Greek Lexicon All Text Carefully Proofread and Coded into Quick-Loading, Simple HTML, The Literal Translation of the Greek New Testament, Drs. Since 99.9% of these manuscripts agree, we can be comforted knowing that God has preserved His Word among us. THE DEAD HAND OF FENTON JOHN ANTHONY HORT LIES HEAVY UPON US. OT:Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia(BHS; revised 1990 edition).NT:Novum Testamentum Graece(Nestle-Aland Greek New Testament, 26th edition). Readers of these new Bibles are quite unaware that they are reading the translation of a corrupt text. the Western manuscript family. - www.wayoflife.org. This critical Greek text is the foundation text of the Nestle-Aland Greek Text and the United Bible Societies Greek text. By submitting your email address, you understand that you will receive email communications from Bible Gateway, a division of The Zondervan Corporation, 3900 Sparks Drive SE, Grand Rapids .